Permanent evidence record

One immutable record. No silent merging.

This address resolves one public-safe V12.1 teaching record by exact shard and immutable record ID. Related records with the same headword remain separate.

Garifuturist language-science illustration

Exact record 059091964cce502a loaded from shard ARA.

Exact audit locator: shard ARA, record 059091964cce502a. This page contains that record's server-rendered evidence before browser hydration.

Full teaching record

aranahala

Elder review visible

EN let (one) cheat, in games / cheat, in games! (imperative)

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: CONTEXT-ATTESTED FORM — source-attributed usage preserved

Attributed sources: LILA Garífuna Diccionario / Salvador Suazo · The People’s Garífuna Dictionary · stockle carib

Academic authority: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)

How the form is built

Root: aranaha — to cheat, in games

  • IMP — MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)

Paradigm: modal_optative

-la — IMP [MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)]

Academic teaching rationale

### aranahala *“let (one) cheat, in games / cheat, in games! (imperative).”* The form **aranahala** is built upon the root *aranaha*, “to cheat, in games” (The People's Garifuna Dictionary (Cayetano)). To it is joined the imperative/hortative mood *-la*, which issues the action as a wish or command — 'let it be …'. Taken whole, the word means precisely “let (one) cheat, in games / cheat, in games! (imperative)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Placed beside its siblings, **naranaha** (“I cheat, in games”); **baranaha** (“you cheat, in games”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*

Voices & attributed examples (3)
  1. anihain adibiha ha- gune irahüñü baranaha ||2. lerederun katai dibiñu |3. adibira saragu katai li- dan aban | 4. lerederun katai deregüda- gu garabalirugu [ anihain aban gúrudu adibiha gusinarugu

    Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_granted
  2. ariha bâmugai asabuihaní le ladügübai baranaha

    Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_granted
  3. busientina naigin gain gumanana ||3. gárin ||4. aban túyeri seni achûrutu baranaha ligibugien beya lun tárühan gadaru ||5. seni harühagüle gadaru [ naibuga achûra gain

    Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_granted
Exact community voice contexts ()

Occurrence is not definition. These links provide attributed sentence context only; they do not alter this entry's meaning, root, morphology, derivation, translation, evidence state, or elder-review status.

Loading exact community voice contexts…

Open the complete named community voice archive
Community orthography candidates—not admitted examples ()

Review candidate only. Stress marks may differ, but `ü`, `ñ`, letters, apostrophes, hyphens, and token boundaries are preserved. Nothing here changes spelling, meaning, evidence state, or elder-review status.

Loading review-only community orthography candidates…

Review this form across the complete named voice archive