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abiriihala

Elder review visible

EN let (one) shine / shine! (imperative)

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: COMPOSITIONAL CANDIDATE — elder validation required

Academic authority: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)

How the form is built

Root: abiriiha — to shine

  • IMP — MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)

Paradigm: modal_optative

-la — IMP [MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)]

Academic teaching rationale

### abiriihala *“let (one) shine / shine! (imperative).”* The form **abiriihala** is built upon the root *abiriiha*, “to shine” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it is joined the imperative/hortative mood *-la*, which issues the action as a wish or command — 'let it be …'. Taken whole, the word means precisely “let (one) shine / shine! (imperative)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Among the forms built on the same root, **nabiriiha** (“I shine”); **babiriiha** (“you shine”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*

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abiriihala — LILA NISAMINA Garífuna Encyclopedia