LILA NISAMINAGarífuna Royal Encyclopedia
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Full teaching record

acheinhadiwaha

verb (inflected)

Evidence routed

EN we had raided

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: SOURCE-ATTESTED LEXICAL SENSE

Academic authority: rules: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA + cited academic laws; engine v2 glass-box

How the form is built

Root: acheinha — to raid

  • MAG:TENSES — Magarada Named Tense Paradigm (Law 7)
  • LARSEN:CLITICS — see LAW_CODEX_v2.1 · LARSEN:CLITICS

Named Tense (Magarada Law 7) [MAG:TENSES]

LARSEN:CLITICS [LARSEN:CLITICS]

Applied laws: MAG:TENSES · LARSEN:CLITICS

Academic teaching rationale

Why — Every a-initial vowel-final verb root generates eleven named tenses (46 forms/verb): MÉBEHATI infinitive · GUMADI imperative (-bá) · UGUNETI present (T-series) · SÜGÜHALI preterite/present perfect (D-series: arihadina) · LANÜGÜÑA FULASU present continuous (prefix+-iña) · ANINTEGIWA future (prefix+-uba) · ME future perfect · SÜGÜHALI BUGA past continuous · SÜGÜHALIHA past perfect (-ha) · ANINTEINA future continuous (- (Magarada Codified Law 7; Liyawa Dimúrei; Learning Garífuna Vol I; Suazo antepresent corroboration (arihadina)) [FULL-AUTHOR-GRANT]

Why — Clausal tense-aspect is carried by enclitics: =buga past, =meha distant past, =ha distributive; clitics combine in fixed orders. (Haurholm-Larsen, S. (2016). A Grammar of Garifuna. PhD diss., Univ. of Bern (collection upload 2026-07-17, full permission/attribution) §7.6.1–7.6.4) [PRINCIPLES-ONLY — paraphrased]

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