Full teaching record
aríahaduguti
EN he frequently spies on (aimlessly, with no aim or destination)
Meaning & authority
Evidence state: CONTEXT-ATTESTED FORM — source-attributed usage preserved
Attributed sources: LILA Garífuna Diccionario / Salvador Suazo
Academic authority: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)
How the form is built
Root: aríaha — to spy on/to scrutinize
- FREQ (frequentative, aimless) — MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)
- 3SG.M — Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)
Paradigm: aspect
-dugu — FREQ (frequentative, aimless) [MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)]
-ti — 3SG.M [Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)]
Academic teaching rationale
### aríahaduguti *“he frequently spies on (aimlessly, with no aim or destination).”* The form **aríahaduguti** is built upon the root *aríaha*, “to spy on/to scrutinize” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it are joined the frequentative-aimless suffix *-dugu*, which casts the action as habitual yet purposeless — repeated over and over, with no aim or destination; then the third-person masculine ('he') agreement suffix *-ti*, which fixes the subject as third-person masculine ('he'). Taken whole, the word means precisely “he frequently spies on (aimlessly, with no aim or destination)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Set against its kin, **naríaha** (“I spy on”); **baríaha** (“you spy on”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. While a citation of this exact form still awaits collection, its root is heard in living speech, as in *“lun heidi ariaha wadagumanu, uwati wadagimanu.”* — ‘to look for work or jobs, there are no jobs.’. [elar_sg0340_eaf_gold_annotations_43] *The construction rests on Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-cont
Voices & attributed examples (3)
anigira aríaha layabuhan tidan kómpeni tugia
Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_grantedanigira aríaha wada- gimanu
Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_grantedanigira aríaha wada- gümanu
Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_granted
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