Full teaching record
hamali
verb (inflected)
EN he has flown
Meaning & authority
Evidence state: SOURCE-ATTESTED LEXICAL SENSE
Attributed sources: Hererun Wagüchagu · LILA Garífuna Diccionario / Salvador Suazo
Academic authority: rules: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA + cited academic laws; engine v2 glass-box
How the form is built
Root: hama — fly
- MAG:TENSES — Magarada Named Tense Paradigm (Law 7)
- LARSEN:TAM_DYNAMIC — see LAW_CODEX_v2.1 · LARSEN:TAM_DYNAMIC
Named Tense (Magarada Law 7) [MAG:TENSES]
LARSEN:TAM_DYNAMIC [LARSEN:TAM_DYNAMIC]
Applied laws: MAG:TENSES · LARSEN:TAM_DYNAMIC
Academic teaching rationale
Why — Every a-initial vowel-final verb root generates eleven named tenses (46 forms/verb): MÉBEHATI infinitive · GUMADI imperative (-bá) · UGUNETI present (T-series) · SÜGÜHALI preterite/present perfect (D-series: arihadina) · LANÜGÜÑA FULASU present continuous (prefix+-iña) · ANINTEGIWA future (prefix+-uba) · ME future perfect · SÜGÜHALI BUGA past continuous · SÜGÜHALIHA past perfect (-ha) · ANINTEINA future continuous (- (Magarada Codified Law 7; Liyawa Dimúrei; Learning Garífuna Vol I; Suazo antepresent corroboration (arihadina)) [FULL-AUTHOR-GRANT]
Why — Near/immediate future; future -ba; distant future =me (enclitic); progressive -nya; PAST TI vs PERFECT DI series; habitual; distributive -ha; durative -gi; aspectual -gwa uses; suppletive stems. (Haurholm-Larsen, S. (2016). A Grammar of Garifuna. PhD diss., Univ. of Bern (collection upload 2026-07-17, full permission/attribution) §7.3.1–7.3.10) [PRINCIPLES-ONLY — paraphrased]
Voices & attributed examples (15)
aban lamadagadun lémeri duna | hama- daga kumún
Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_grantedaban ludin ahûncha dübu luagu hádibu hulahüñü 5. háhamachun iñanaün, hama dunuru luagu o lárigi aban katai [ hahûncha hu- lahüñü wau, ariha bámuga
Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_grantedaban lásinadun nudin hama
Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_grantedthat's the way ida luba la larufudahouniwa ladüga mabudu hamali la irahüyün garifuna
EN — We need to see how it can be taught, because children are not learning Garifuna.
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Desere Diego. · elder_attributed_needs_validationhabuda hamali bei, adüga hamuti
EN — Those that capture or retain it, they maintain it.
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Gwen Gonzalez. · elder_attributed_needs_validationha mabudu hamuti...hamali...
EN — Those who did not retain the language,
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Gwen Gonzalez. · elder_attributed_needs_validationladüga marihin hamali
EN — because they no longer see
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Gwen Gonzalez. · elder_attributed_needs_validationlidan sun emeri le adüga wamali bei, le adüga hamali bei, gibetima hali hadügün
EN — on the road that we have done, that they have done, they have done much more
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Libana Maraza — ELA. · elder_attributed_needs_validationbueno subusi hamali caba lan
EN — we what is going to take place
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Libana Maraza — ELA. · elder_attributed_needs_validationhaduguni uremule ligia furendei hamali le bichugubei houn
EN — taks these songs after they have learned or absorbed that which you taught them
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Libana Maraza — ELA. · elder_attributed_needs_validationdan me lamuga lachülürü ora lun hayabi turageirugu dabuyaba subudi hamali
EN — So when the time comes for them to come to the temple they will know it (the songs)??? already.
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Mariano Gotay. · elder_attributed_needs_validationasta irahüñü eremuha hamali
EN — even young children already sing it.
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Mariano Gotay. · elder_attributed_needs_validationlachülüra nege ti dan bueno segu hamali dasi le
EN — The time has come. They would have overcome those challenges.
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Nen Nunez 2. · elder_attributed_needs_validationiseri buri ha gueto marufuda hamali huon
EN — The younger gerneration now are not teaching them this now.
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Paul Nabor. · elder_attributed_needs_validationpero ahen ti ualubei gufaranda hamali
EN — but if they don't understand it,
ELAR dk0368 — Arumahani and Abaimahani; community speaker/session credited from the source EAF; CC BY-NC-SA where recorded in the source metadata. Voice: Roy Cayetano. · elder_attributed_needs_validation
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