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Full teaching record

afurugudaraütu

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EN she sprinkles something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid) a little; the female one who sprinkles something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid)

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: COMPOSITIONAL CANDIDATE — elder validation required

Academic authority: Suazo (diminutive -rau/-raü); MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (global DIM on nouns / ATTENUATIVE on verbs); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)

How the form is built

Root: afuruguda — to sprinkle something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid)

  • DIM 'a little' (-raü) — Suazo (diminutive -rau/-raü); MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (global DIM on nouns / ATTENUATIVE on verbs)
  • 3SG.F — Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)

-raü — DIM 'a little' (-raü) [Suazo (diminutive -rau/-raü); MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (global DIM on nouns / ATTENUATIVE on verbs)]

-tu — 3SG.F [Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)]

Academic teaching rationale

### afurugudaraütu *“she sprinkles something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid) a little; the female one who sprinkles something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid).”* The form **afurugudaraütu** is built upon the root *afuruguda*, “to sprinkle something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid)” (The People's Garifuna Dictionary (Cayetano)). To it are joined the attenuative suffix *-raü*, which softens the action to a partial or occasional degree — 'a little, somewhat, now and then'; then the third-person feminine ('she') agreement suffix *-tu*, which fixes the subject as third-person feminine ('she'). Taken whole, the word means precisely “she sprinkles something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid) a little; the female one who sprinkles something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Among the forms built on the same root, **nafuruguda** (“I sprinkle something that has the consistency of powder or grain (not used in reference to liquid)”); **bafuruguda** (“you sprinkle something that has the consi

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