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Full teaching record

afüfühagubeiyein

Elder review visible

EN he has always been exasperating (continuously / habitually, up to now)

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: CONTEXT-ATTESTED FORM — source-attributed usage preserved

Attributed sources: LILA Garífuna Diccionario / Salvador Suazo

Academic authority: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)

How the form is built

Root: afüfüha — to exasperate/ to enfuriate

  • PERF.3SG.M perfect-continuous 'have always been'; on a negative stem = 'never' — MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)

Paradigm: aspect

-gubeiyein — PERF.3SG.M perfect-continuous 'have always been'; on a negative stem = 'never' [MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)]

Academic teaching rationale

### afüfühagubeiyein *“he has always been exasperating (continuously / habitually, up to now).”* The form **afüfühagubeiyein** is built upon the root *afüfüha*, “to exasperate/ to enfuriate” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it is joined the perfect-continuous suffix *-gubeiyein*, which stretches the action across all past time up to the present, 'has always been …-ing' (the *-yein* marking a masculine subject). Taken whole, the word means precisely “he has always been exasperating (continuously / habitually, up to now)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Set against its kin, **nafüfüha** (“I exasperate”); **bafüfüha** (“you exasperate”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*

Voices & attributed examples (2)
  1. anihain afüfühauwa lun libugaña

    Lila Garifuna Diccionario (Salvador Suazo) · attributed_permission_granted
  2. afüfüha.(a-fú-fü-ha)llafufurüha ll1.la- 6.

    Suazo — Lila Garífuna Diccionario (permission granted) · attributed_sentence_bank
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