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Full teaching record

abinádudaguarügü

Elder review visible

EN in the habit of getting old (thing) / doing nothing but getting old (thing)

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: COMPOSITIONAL CANDIDATE — elder validation required

Attributed sources: The People’s Garífuna Dictionary

Academic authority: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)

How the form is built

Root: abináduda — to get old (thing)

  • HABITUAL/RESTRICTIVE 'in the habit of / only' (= -guanarugu) — MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)

Paradigm: aspect

-guarugu — HABITUAL/RESTRICTIVE 'in the habit of / only' (= -guanarugu) [MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)]

Academic teaching rationale

### abinádudaguarugu *“in the habit of getting old (thing) / doing nothing but getting old (thing).”* The form **abinádudaguarugu** is built upon the root *abináduda*, “to get old (thing)” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it is joined the habitual-restrictive suffix *-guarugu*, which fixes the action as a habit or sole occupation — 'in the habit of …-ing, doing nothing but'. Taken whole, the word means precisely “in the habit of getting old (thing) / doing nothing but getting old (thing)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Set against its kin, **nabináduda** (“I get old (thing)”); **babináduda** (“you get old (thing)”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*

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