Full teaching record
afurundehawa
EN to show cruelty afurundehani us
Meaning & authority
Evidence state: COMPOSITIONAL CANDIDATE — elder validation required
Attributed sources: Hadel / Stochl dictionary evidence · The People’s Garífuna Dictionary · stockle carib
Academic authority: Quesada 2017 §3.3; Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.1 (-ni)
How the form is built
Root: afurundeha — to show cruelty afurundehani
- 1PL-obj 'us' — Quesada 2017 §3.3; Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.1 (-ni)
-wa — 1PL-obj 'us' [Quesada 2017 §3.3; Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.1 (-ni)]
Academic teaching rationale
### afurundehawa *“to show cruelty afurundehani us.”* The form **afurundehawa** is built upon the root *afurundeha*, “to show cruelty afurundehani” (The People's Garifuna Dictionary (Cayetano)). To it is joined the first-person-plural object suffix *-wa*, which makes 'us' the ones acted upon. Taken whole, the word means precisely “to show cruelty afurundehani us” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Set against its kin, **nafurundeha** (“I show cruelty afurundehani”); **bafurundeha** (“you show cruelty afurundehani”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on Quesada 2017 §3.3. This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*
Voices & attributed examples (0)
No attributed public example is attached to this record yet.
Exact community voice contexts (…)
Occurrence is not definition. These links provide attributed sentence context only; they do not alter this entry's meaning, root, morphology, derivation, translation, evidence state, or elder-review status.
Loading exact community voice contexts…
Open the complete named community voice archiveCommunity orthography candidates—not admitted examples (…)
Review candidate only. Stress marks may differ, but `ü`, `ñ`, letters, apostrophes, hyphens, and token boundaries are preserved. Nothing here changes spelling, meaning, evidence state, or elder-review status.
Loading review-only community orthography candidates…
Review this form across the complete named voice archive