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Full teaching record

amañahanei

Elder review visible

EN I be crafty

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: CONTEXT-ATTESTED FORM — source-attributed usage preserved

Attributed sources: LILA Garífuna Diccionario / Salvador Suazo

Academic authority: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)

How the form is built

Root: amañaha — to be crafty

  • MOD.1SG — MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)

Paradigm: modal_optative

-nei — MOD.1SG [MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 (irrealis/optative)]

Academic teaching rationale

### amañahanei *“I be crafty.”* The form **amañahanei** is built upon the root *amañaha*, “to be crafty” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it is joined the modal person suffix *-nei*, placing first-person singular ('I') within the modal (irrealis) series. Taken whole, the word means precisely “I be crafty” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Among the forms built on the same root, **namañaha** (“I be crafty”); **bamañaha** (“you be crafty”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (modal/optative paradigm, root ex. aguyaguda). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*

Voices & attributed examples (3)
  1. 4. anihain amañaha tun lúyawa

    Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_granted
  2. ariha bâmugai 8. amañaha

    Salvador Suazo, Lila Garifuna Diccionario A-Y — permission granted · attributed_permission_granted
  3. anihain amaaha tun lúyawa

    Lila Garifuna Diccionario (Salvador Suazo) · attributed_permission_granted
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