Full teaching record
apiiratu
EN she begs; the female one who begs
Meaning & authority
Evidence state: COMPOSITIONAL CANDIDATE — elder validation required
Academic authority: Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)
How the form is built
Root: apiira — to beg
- 3SG.F/AGT — Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)
-tu — 3SG.F/AGT [Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)]
Academic teaching rationale
### apiiratu *“she begs; the female one who begs.”* The form **apiiratu** is built upon the root *apiira*, “to beg” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it is joined the element *-tu* (3SG.F/AGT), whose force is given by the elder paradigm. Taken whole, the word means precisely “she begs; the female one who begs” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Set against its kin, **napiira** (“I beg”); **bapiira** (“you beg”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*
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