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esenihadugutu

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EN she frequently fishes with a net (aimlessly, with no aim or destination)

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: CONTEXT-ATTESTED FORM — source-attributed usage preserved

Attributed sources: Hererun Wagüchagu · LILA Garífuna Diccionario / Salvador Suazo

Academic authority: MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous); Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)

How the form is built

Root: eseniha — to fish with a net

  • FREQ (frequentative, aimless) — MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)
  • 3SG.F — Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)

Paradigm: aspect

-dugu — FREQ (frequentative, aimless) [MARAGAÑ (Shaka) MAGARADA 2026-06-24 (eibuga aspect family: -dugu frequentative / -gubeiyein perfect-continuous)]

-tu — 3SG.F [Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)]

Academic teaching rationale

### esenihadugutu *“she frequently fishes with a net (aimlessly, with no aim or destination).”* The form **esenihadugutu** is built upon the root *eseniha*, “to fish with a net” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it are joined the frequentative-aimless suffix *-dugu*, which casts the action as habitual yet purposeless — repeated over and over, with no aim or destination; then the third-person feminine ('she') agreement suffix *-tu*, which fixes the subject as third-person feminine ('she'). Taken whole, the word means precisely “she frequently fishes with a net (aimlessly, with no aim or destination)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Placed beside its siblings, **neseniha** (“I fish with a net”); **beseniha** (“you fish with a net”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. While a citation of this exact form still awaits collection, its root is heard in living speech, as in *“ába laríñagun Simón Pédro hoún. —neíbuga eséniha. ába haríñagun lún. —Weíbuga gíñe búma. ába hádinun tídoun hagúne, ába hoúdin, mañúguntiña ní káta áriebu ligía”*. [05_sentences.CLEAN_2026-06-20] *The construction rests on Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu);

Voices & attributed examples (3)
  1. añagüra eseniha

    Lila Garifuna Diccionario (Salvador Suazo) · attributed_permission_granted
  2. añuga údura tau seni [ añagüra eseniha ].

    Suazo — Lila Garífuna Diccionario (permission granted) · attributed_sentence_bank
  3. boatman)|| esenihati eteniruti lun tagai seni larigien hachüürünun seni baranahaun [ i hagai san bómani?

    Suazo — Lila Garífuna Diccionario (permission granted) · attributed_sentence_bank
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