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Full teaching record

íñufadagüda

Elder review visible

EN to cause (someone) to go to sleep (foot)

Meaning & authority

Evidence state: COMPOSITIONAL CANDIDATE — elder validation required

Academic authority: Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)

How the form is built

Root: íñufada — to go to sleep (foot)

  • CAUS — Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)

-guda — CAUS [Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)]

Academic teaching rationale

### íñufadaguda *“to cause (someone) to go to sleep (foot).”* The form **íñufadaguda** is built upon the root *íñufada*, “to go to sleep (foot)” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it is joined the causative suffix *-guda*, which turns the action outward — to cause or make someone else perform it. Taken whole, the word means precisely “to cause (someone) to go to sleep (foot)” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. To see its precise force, compare **níñufada** (“I go to sleep (foot)”); **bíñufada** (“you go to sleep (foot)”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. *The construction rests on Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*

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