Full teaching record
amahadarügütu
EN she refuses only / just; the female one who refuses
Meaning & authority
Evidence state: COMPOSITIONAL CANDIDATE — elder validation required
Attributed sources: Hererun Wagüchagu · The People’s Garífuna Dictionary
Academic authority: Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)
How the form is built
Root: amahada — to refuse
- RST 'only/just' (-rügü) — Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)
- 3SG.F — Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)
-rügü — RST 'only/just' (-rügü) [Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)]
-tu — 3SG.F [Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu); Stark 2018 (diachronic *-thi/*-thu)]
Academic teaching rationale
### amahadarügütu *“she refuses only / just; the female one who refuses.”* The form **amahadarügütu** is built upon the root *amahada*, “to refuse” (NISAMINA master dictionary). To it are joined the restrictive suffix *-rügü*, which bounds the action to itself alone — 'only, just'; then the third-person feminine ('she') agreement suffix *-tu*, which fixes the subject as third-person feminine ('she'). Taken whole, the word means precisely “she refuses only / just; the female one who refuses” — its gloss states the fully-inflected sense, never the bare meaning of the root. Placed beside its siblings, **namahada** (“I refuse”); **bamahada** (“you refuse”): each shares the same stem yet bends it to a different shade of meaning, which is exactly how Garífuna wins great precision from a single root. While a citation of this exact form still awaits collection, its root is heard in living speech, as in *“Amáhada guda lumuti uyunu binu tiderugu aldea.”* — ‘The chief banned rum inside the village.’. [FEED:verified_sentences] *The construction rests on Haurholm-Larsen 2016 §3.3.4 (-ti/-tu). This is a principled composition — a cited root joined to a cited paradigm — and so it is offered for fluent-elder validation rather than asserted as attested.*
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